Tort Law Research Area
You are free to use this Tort Law section to help with your tort research, tort essays and writing tort law dissertations.
The History of Tort Law
Derived from Latin, the concept and principles of tort have developed quite steadily through the years so that, from the late 1950’s onwards, incentives and deterrence’s have been emphasized with tort’s aim identified as being the efficient distribution of risk as part of what is often described as the ‘law and economics movement’. But then it is also important to appreciate that the law of tort has since come to effectively refer to a body of law that looks to provide remedies for civil wrongs that are not derived from contractual duties in the intervening period. As a result, this effectively means that someone who is legally injured may use the principles involved with tort to recover damages from someone who is ‘liable’ for those injuries that is said to arise from a breach of a duty that has been primarily fixed by law that is held towards others generally, with a breach that is considered to be redressable through the award of damages.
Therefore, with this in mind, the concept of tort law effectively defines what is considered a legal injury, and establishes the circumstances whereby an individual may be held liable for another’s injury resulting from either intentional acts or accidents. Consequently, on this basis, in England, following the traits first established within the precepts of Roman Law many centuries ago, this legal system domestically has long been based on nominate torts including assault and battery that stands in sharp contrast to the more ‘open’ Continental approach to tortuous liability.
Sections of interest for Tort Law
Please click on a tort law section starting with "The Most Famous Tort Cases".
- Negligence - Click here to View
- Duty of Care
- Breach of Duty
- Proximity & Remoteness
- Recognised Harm in Fact (‘Causation’)
- Novus Actus Interveniens - Click here to View
- The Victim’s Contribution
- Third Party’s Inadvertent Contribution
- Third Party’s Deliberate Contribution
- Intentional Torts - Click here to View
- Assault
- Battery
- The Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress
- Fraud
- Defences to Claims in Tort - Click here to View
- Vicarious Liability
- Volenti Non Fit Injuria
- Contributory Negligence
- Illegality (‘ex turpi causa non oritur actio’)
Bibliography - Tort Law
Curzon. L. B ‘Dictionary of Law’ 5th Edition, Pitman Publishing (1998)
Davies. P ‘The NHS in the UK 2007/08: A Pocket Guide’ The NHS Confederation (2007)
Deakin. S, Johnston. A & Markesinis. B. S ‘Markesinis & Deakin’s Tort Law’ Clarendon Press (2003)
Gardiner. S ‘Sports Law’ 2nd Edition, Cavendish Publishing Ltd (2001)
‘Halsbury’s Laws of England’ Lexis Nexis, Butterworths (2007)
Lord Woolf ‘Access to Justice – Final Report’ (July 1996) London, HMSO
McIlwaine. L ‘Tort Reform & the “Compensation Culture”’ (2004) 4 JPI Law 239
Morris. S ‘Jodie & Mary: The point where the law, ethics, religion and humanity are baffled’ The Guardian Sat. Sept. 9th 2000
Weir. T ‘Tort Law’ Oxford University Press (2002)
Withey. C ‘Comment - The Fraud Act 2006 - Some Early Observations & Comparisons with the Former Law’ (2007) 71 JoCL 220
Official Tort Documents
The Law Commission ‘The Illegality Defence in Tort’ Consultation Paper No.160 (2001)
Table of Cases - Tort Law
AB v. Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust [2004] EWHC 644 (QB)
Alcock v. The Chief Constable of South Yorkshire [1992] 1 AC 310
Blyth v. Birmingham Waterworks (1856) 11 Exch 781
Bolam v. Friern Hospital Management Committee [1957] 2 All ER 118
Bolitho v. City & Hackney Health Authority [1997] 4 All ER 771
Bolton v. Stone [1951] AC 850
British Railways Board v. Herrington [1972] AC 877
Caldwell v. Maguire and Fitzgerald [2001] EWCA Civ 1054
Cattle v. Stockton Waterworks Co (1875) LR 10 QB 453
Christopher Andrews v. Barnett Waddingham LLP and Raj Waddingham [2006] EWCA Civ 93
Cooke v. Midland Great Western Railway of Ireland [1909] AC 229
Donoghue v. Folkestone Properties Ltd [2003] 2 WLR 1138
Donoghue v. Stevenson [1932] AC 562
Entick v. Carrington (1765) 19 St Tr 1029
Giles v. LCC (1903) 68 JP 10
Gough v. Thorne [1966] 3 All ER 398
Hall v. Brooklands Auto-Racing Club (1933) 1 KB 205
Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v. Heller & Partners Ltd [1963] 2 All ER 575
Home Office v. Dorset Yacht Co Ltd [1970] AC 1004
Hughes v. Waltham Forest Health Authority [1991] 2 Med LR 155, CA
Jebson v. Ministry of Defence [2000] 1 WLR 2055 (CA)
Jolley v. Sutton London Borough Council [2000] 1 WLR 1082
Jones v. Fay (1865) 4 F & F 525,
Lamb v. Camden LBC [1981] QB 625
Landau v. Werner (1961) 105 Sol Jo 1008, CA
Lochgelly Iron & Coal v. M’Mullan [1934] AC 1
McFarlane v. E.E. Caledonian Limited [1994] 2 All ER 1
McFarlane v. Tayside Health Board [2000] SC (HL) 1
McLoughlin v. O’Brian [1983] 1 AC 410
Miller v. Jackson [1977] QB 966
Mogul Steamship Co. Ltd v. McGregor, Gow & Co. (1889) LR 23 QBD 598
Montgomery v. Murphy (1982) 136 DLR (3d) 525
Morin v. Bonhams & Brooks [2004] 1 All ER (Comm) 880
Mullin v. Richards [1998] 1 All ER 920
Murphy v. Brentwood D.C. [1991] AC 398
Nance v. British Columbia Elwy [1951] AC 601
National Coal Board v. England [1954] AC 403
Nettleship v. Weston [1971] 3 All ER 581
Paris v. Stepney Borough Council [1951] 1 All ER 42
Pitts v. Hunt [1990] 3 All ER 344
Protea Leasing Limited v. Royal Air Cambodge Company Limited [2002] EWHC 2731 (Comm)
R v. Cheshire [1991] 3 All ER 670
R v. Dear (1996) CLR 595
R v. Dudley & Stephens (1884) 14 QBD 273
R v. Ghosh [1982] QB 1053
R v. Malcherek [1981] 1 WLR 690
R v. Notman [1994] Crim LR 518
R v. Pagett (1983) 76 Cr App R 279
R v. Preddy [1996] AC 815
R v. Sofroniou [2003] Crim LR 381
Ratcliffe v. Plymouth & Torbay Health Authority [1998] Lloyd’s Rep Med 162, CA
Revill v. Newberry [1996] 1 All ER 291
Roe v. Minister of Health [1954] 2 All ER 131
Rootes v. Shelton [1968] ALR 33
Rylands v. Fletcher (1866) LR 1 Exch 265
S.C.M Ltd v. W.J. Whittall [1971] 1 QB 344
Sidaway v. Bethlehem Royal Hospital Governors [1984] 1 All ER 1018
Sindell v. Abbott Laboratories (1980) 607 P 2d 924
Smith v. Leech Brain & Co. (1962) 2 QB 405
South Australia Asset Management Corporation v. York Montague Ltd (SAAMCO) (1997) AC 191
Taff Vale Railway v. Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants [1901] AC 426
The Wagon Mound (No 1) [1961] AC 388 (PC)
Tomlinson v. Congleton Borough Council [2004] 1 AC 46
Tremayne v. Hill [1987] RTR 131
Watt v. Hertfordshire County Council [1954] 2 All ER 368
Wells v. Cooper [1958] 2 All ER 527
White v. Chief Constable of the South Yorkshire Police [1999] 1 All ER 1
Wilsher v. Essex Area Health Authority [1986] 3 All ER 801
Wilson v. Governor of Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Primary School [1997] EWCA Civ 2644
Yorkshire Dale Steamship Co v. Minister of War Transport [1942] AC 691
Table of Statutes - Tort Law
Animals Act 1971
Compensation Act 2006
European Convention on Human Rights 1950
Fatal Accidents Act 1976
Fraud Act 2006
Human Rights Act 1998
NHS Redress Act 2006
Occupiers’ Liability Act 1957
Occupiers’ Liability Act 1984
Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995
Theft Act 1968
Theft Act 1978
Trade Disputes Act 1906
